Why Would Someone Care to Help the Loved Ones of Murder Suspects?

You can easily sympathize with a homicide survivor, but can you empathize with someone accused of murder or with their loved ones? I interviewed someone who can.

A 20-something female, Support Worker / Social Services student, had taken it upon herself to offer (online) support to the families and friends of two late-teens, both of whom had been the subject of an intense, two-week, cross-country manhunt, and were suspected of the murders of three people; then, also tragically, found deceased themselves. “Initially, my future goal was to work in addiction treatment. However, in the most recent months, I’ve been focusing more on at-risk youth,” she said.


She became aware of the case through social media, and then became “totally consumed” by it, she admitted, although she stated that she rarely, if ever, follows the news, or pays attention to reports of missing persons or homicides. (Both teens had been declared missing for some time before they became suspects, and when federal police had issued a public alert news release.) Prior to the case, she said she had not known about the suspects. “Perhaps it was my ability to empathize with the [background] of one of the suspects, combined with being a mother myself, that really drew me into this case.”

Being a mother had helped her empathize with the parents of both suspects, she explained. Regarding one suspect, the “portrait” she had gotten of him from social media, was one of a young person who had had a tough childhood, struggled with his parents’ divorce, didn’t have many friends, and had spent a lot of time by himself. “[He] craved love and affection. That really broke my heart, because I can relate to all of that, and it was tough [for me].”

“I have a lifetime of experience with a wide range of issues, including–but not limited to–psychological and physical abuse, childhood neglect, substance abuse, being a youth-at-risk, etc. I have both [life] experience and experience dealing with others who have suffered [or] are suffering with [these] same issues.”

The student was saddened by the apparent or perceived isolation of the community (under a reported prior request by their mayor, not to talk about the case), the hurt and isolation of those members close to the suspects, and the online backlash directed at them. She also felt there may have been more concern for the reputation of the small city than concern for the well-being of the suspects’ families. “The friends and families of the suspects deserve just as much support….The suspects’ loved ones also have questions that will never be answered. They have also suffered a tremendous loss.”

(On the date after the remains of the suspects were announced as found, the city’s social media post described the suspects’ believed-to-be suicide deaths as “difficult news” for their families, while the murder victims’ families were described as having “suffered an unimaginable loss”. Two national news organizations also reported that one or more of the suspects’ family members were requesting privacy from the media, perhaps permanently.)

Her goal is to “continue to offer emotional support and a compassionate ear to all whom are suffering”. The student believed that the suspects were innocent until proven guilty. Asked if she would have changed her opinion about offering help if these suspects had been found to be guilty, she said, “Absolutely not. I believe everyone deserves the benefit of the doubt, and everyone deserves a second chance.” (Following the death of suspects, murder cases are typically closed, as the suspects are unable to stand trial.)

She also feels that early intervention into a troubled child’s life, can avert potential tragedy. She said, if people in the community know there is a problem, they should take that opportunity to step up, because, “It takes a village to raise a child.” She indicated that signs of a potential problem could be the child making disturbing comments, having trouble regulating anger, and displaying stress or depression. She believes serious threats or behaviour should be reported so that referrals can be made for that child to gain access to available support services and counselling within the community.


Was she harassed online regarding her opinions? “Tremendously. People have said that I’m a disgusting human being, ‘someone should look into this girl’ because it’s suspicious that I’m supporting murderers. It’s extremely hurtful, but I expected it. I had to block many individuals, hide their comments, and mute certain conversations, in order to protect my own mental health. Some days I wished I [had] never spoke[n] up for the suspects and their families, but it was the response from the suspects’ loved ones, the [positive] input of my college instructor, and the private messages I received from people who admired what I was doing, that really kept me going. I had to keep reminding myself, ‘I’m doing the right thing’. And I don’t regret it. But I’m very saddened by a lack of empathy in the world.”

The student had a rebuttal to those personal attacks she had received: “To those attacking me for advocating for [the suspects’] loved ones, and for waiting for them to be convicted before I label them as ‘murderers’: please do report me [to the police] as suspicious. Everyone deserves support. Providing it is no crime.”


“I do want to clarify that….I am just as sorry for their [the friends and families of the victims] losses….They too are suffering tremendously….I can’t fathom how difficult this must be, and my heart breaks for all involved.”

Upon the discovery and subsequent identification of the remains of the two male suspects, she said, “May these young men rest in peace.”


For those dealing with tragedy, the student suggested reaching out for support from community organizations, via finding a local grief support group, calling a mental health support line, or searching for online grief resources.

© 2019-2020 Skyanna Jameson

Note: Photo selected above was chosen for its suggestive content of support, and does not depict any person, nor does it identify race of any persons involved in this story.

Zodiac Killer Theories

Criminologists and enthusiasts have noted the following about the Zodiac Killer.

  • He was labelled a “weekend offender”. His crimes were committed on weekends or holidays. Therefore, he may have been working the rest of the time at a job where he was very busy.
  • His grasp of language was strong; his punctuation good. His spelling “mistakes” in correspondence were inconsistent. Therefore, he may have intentionally misspelled words.
  • His handwriting had periodic linguistic gaps in words. Therefore, he may have disguised his handwriting by using his “weak” hand to write.
  • While it is generally assumed that the Zodiac Killer is well-educated (had achieved post-secondary education or was self-taught), it has been suggested that he is dyslexic. This was due to his left-right and up-down flipping and reversal of certain letters and numbers indicated in his correspondence. Dyslexia can also result in poor or inconsistent spelling, which was also displayed in the Zodiac’s writing.

Sources: YouTube video documentaries of interviews, other online resources.

Zodiac Killer Facts

Here is what is known or believed about the Zodiac Killer.


  • He communicated through paper mail in letters, cards and made telephone calls.
  • He sent four ciphers, two in 1969 and two in 1970.
    1. Z408 was mailed July 31, 1969 in three parts to three different newspapers including the Vallejo Times-Herald, the San Francisco Chronicle and the San Francisco Examiner, in that order. This cipher was confirmed solved in August 1969.
    2. Z340 was mailed Nov 8, 1969 with the “Dripping-Pen” card, sent to the San Francisco Chronicle. This cipher was confirmed solved in December 2020.
    3. Z13, the “My Name Is…” cipher was mailed April 20, 1970, sent in a letter to the San Francisco Chronicle. Read my April 2020 solution to Z13 cipher.
    4. Z32 was mailed June 26, 1970 as included in the “Button” letter, sent to the San Francisco Chronicle. Read my January 2024 solution to Z32.
    Note (a): These four dates were provided by ZodiacKiller.com in a list of Zodiac Killer communication.
    Note (b): Only the first three above dates were confirmed as Zodiac Killer communication received by the newspaper in a San Francisco Chronicle article, titled “Zodiac Killer: Why sleuths are still obsessed with S.F.’s most notorious serial killer” by Ryan Ocenada and Kevin Fagen, dated October 22, 2023.
  • He was likely born between the 1920’s and 1940’s. More than one witness described the Zodiac as being around 25 to 30 years old in 1969.
  • He was described as a white male of 5’8″ to 5’10” tall, stocky at 170 to 185 lbs (or more), with a round face, glasses, and short, reddish-blonde to brown hair.
  • He may have owned Wingwalker boots, size 10-1/2. He wore dark clothing and jackets. He also donned a black fabric hood costume, which included a lower Zodiac symbol in white and (clip-on) sunglasses over the eyeholes.
  • He may have worked with automobiles (one victim’s car was disabled). He may have worked for a management consulting firm (symbols used in coding are believed to be related to the industry).
  • He claimed to be a hunter of forest wildlife. He used a rifle, handgun and knife as weapons against people.
  • He may have ties to Colorado or Deer Lodge, Montana and is believed to have ties to San Francisco, California and Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada. (A jail in the Lake Berryessa attack was mentioned. Letters were mailed from San Francisco; The Z mentioned “San Fran” in a letter. A card he sent depicted “Lake Tahoe”.)
  • He was believed to be brooding and isolated. (He may have had personal or family issues.)
  • He used the word “fun” a lot in his communication.
  • He is believed to have addressed a card that might be linked to the disappearance of a nurse who worked at a casino in Lake Tahoe. The card mentioned snow, and pine trees. At the time there was a construction project, “Incline Pines” under development. Incline Pines is near Mount Rose highway. Incline Village, on northern shores of Lake Tahoe, has been advertised as a tourism “paradise” for adventurers. (“Paradice” is a word that was often used by the Zodiac. Could it have been misspelled on purpose?)

    CORRECTION, ADDITION: On January 13, 2024, this article was updated to correct the dates that the Zodiac ciphers were mailed. Skyanna’s January 2024 solution to Z32 was added, as well as links to other articles regarding Zodiac, and Zodiac communication.

Sources included many sites online, including Wikipedia. Please direct any questions, additions or corrections to Skyanna in comments.


The Zodiac Killer Was Complicated

I started out to solve the Zodiac’s “My Name Is” 13-character cipher to prove a point. The Z had no intention of giving up his name.

First, I read about his crimes, read his letters, and then analyzed his personality. He seemed to crave attention, want recognition, pursue being in control, dislike police (or authority), enjoy taking risks, and mostly, play games. I imagined he fancied himself a genius and a funny guy. I imagined him to be angry, vindictive, and someone who might be prone to pounding back a few drinks before going on a rant.

This was not a guy who was going to play by the rules. He was a guy who made his own rules. He was a guy who didn’t care about spelling, writing on a straight line, telling the truth, or following a set routine.

Would he really give up his real name in a cipher? Would he follow rigid coding rules? I suspected he would be more likely to relay a “joke” message and code in an unconventional way. I also didn’t think he would be above framing someone else for his crimes.

It made sense that most of his ciphers were never solved. He probably wasn’t happy his first cipher was solved easily, so he made his third (Z340) too complicated. Or maybe The Z’s Z408 cipher was just bait, designed to reel in his fish. Sooner or later, the “game” got boring because no one could solve his ciphers, and he stopped sending them. (Update: As of December 2020, the Z340 cipher is now considered to be solved!)

I decided that the way I would attempt to solve The Z’s Z13 cipher would be by using my impression of his personality. And work backwards. Test an answer of 13 letters and see if it fits, regardless of convention. The 13-letter answer that immediately came to mind was, “I am not telling.” It was mid-April, almost 50 years to the day that the last Zodiac cipher was dated, and here is how my solution worked out.


Note: Former suspect, Arthur Leigh “Lee” Allen, appearing to be in custody, in a videotaped interview once said something along the lines of, “I am not The Zodiac. And even if I was, I wouldn’t tell you.” While surprising, it’s not unique as it’s something I would imagine most convicts to say.


My Solution to Zodiac Killer’s Z13 Cipher

Only The Z can rightly say whether or not his cipher has been solved.

Only we can attempt through our logic to find a solution, of which there have been many offered as an answer to the “My Name Is” Z13 cipher.

My solution (of April 2020) began with a guess I based on my impression of The Z personality.


Step 1: Fill in the blank

My guess was that The Z would not give his name, and that the answer would be a “joke”. The cipher letter reads “My Name Is _____________”, followed by a cipher of 13 characters. So, to start, my answer to the “blank” was “I am not telling”, which consists of 13 characters. Note that in the solved 408-character cipher, “I will not give you my name” was part of the confirmed solution. This statement also starts with an “I”, as does the Z408 cipher. For consistency, I also made the assumption that “I” is the first letter in the Z13 cipher.


Step 2: Consolidate answer to cipher by letter substitution

Letters and Frequency Values: The letters in “I am not telling” and number of times used in answer, in order: i=2, a=1, m=1, n=2, o=1, t=2, e=1, l=2, g=1.

Other assumptions in cipher: The first 8 (leans left) is different than the other two OR the last 8 is different; each character in cipher has only one solution per.

To solve, I matched the frequency value of each letter in answer to frequency value of letter in cipher, in order, i.e. 1st letter (i) has a value of 2; therefore, 1st character in cipher with a value of 2 is i, and so on. If 1st value does not match character then skip to next, but return to last unused to check for next value.

Exception: Pattern vowels, AEIO (U is implied).

Z13 cipher

A = I

E = O

N = N

Zodiac = A (compatible also as opposite letter)

Circle 8 leaning = M

K = E

Circle 8 = T

M = L

Circle 8 = T

Upside-down Aries symbol = G

N = N

A = I

M = L

Zodiac Killer's Z13 cipher, cropped
Z13 cipher

Check 1: Is first letter “I”? Yes.

Check 2: Unscramble all letters: Nate Gil Milton. Nate is before Gil because if the first two 8’s are the same and the last is different, then “Name” is “Nate”. NGM is an abbreviation for ninguem, which means “nobody”. So now the answer “I am not telling” is true.

Note, score: The Z kept a running score of points. If the Zodiac crosshairs and the Zodiac symbol are significant then possibly GA (goals against) are “nil” (last letters).


Step 3: Continue solving

Note also that in the cipher, the first three and last three letters are “name” with one letter missing, one name scrambled, one not. By using the middle “M” in cipher (missing from the first “name”) as an anchor and continuing to spell “name” forward and backward under the characters, in between the start “aen” and end “nam”, they each share a character (e) and spell “name man”.

Conclusion: The “My Name Is” solution will be of a male.

Note: If the letters above the circle 8’s (or eight balls) mean anything, they spell MTT, which is a poker abbreviation for “Multi-table Tournament”, playing poker hands at multiple tables at the same time. (This gambling quality would match The Z’s risk-taking personality.)


Step 4: Finish Solving

Because of the pattern, and “U” is implied: Second partial message is “I.O.[U.] Name” (I owe you name). I unscrambled the following letters and got “Nt Gillt” (sounds like “not guilty”) or “N Gilltt”. Note again that the letter matching the astrological symbol is “G”, and the end “nam” is mising an “e”. I added an “e” to the last name, and got the name “N Gillett”.

Check 3: While this name may or may not have anything to do with The Z, a name was given, so the message, “I.O.[U.] Name; Nt Gillt” is true.

Note: The Z claimed in an August letter to the editor, dated the same day as Z13, that once the police cracked his “code” they would “have [him]”. (The implication is that they would know him or that by his name, he would be easy to find.) After Z408 was cracked that same month, 18 characters remained unsolved. Some think the 18 characters are his name.

Check 4: Completed. Search of solved name is 100% easy. (See Disclaimer) Click to view solved name search results. Click to view 1969 photo sketch of Zodiac Killer suspect.


Notes:

  1. The three 8’s were believed by one detective to be The Z’s year of birth. Instead of 1924 (3×8), they could stand for ’38 or 1938.
  2. The circle 8’s could elude to the Enneagram of Personality, Type 8, the Challenger/Protector.
  3. The number 888 has numerous interpretations which could be explored further.
  4. The Aries symbol is upside-down. This could refer to the Zodiac. The opposite sign of Aries is Libra. If it refers to the Zodiac’s sun sign, it’s possible that The Z is a Libra.
  5. It’s possible that AG has significance to The Z (i.e. agriculture, silver, or initials).
  6. ‘Lawrence Larry’ also fits the 13 letters, but that solution goes nowhere. (Re: suspect Kane)

Disclaimer: Any name found in my Z-13 solution to be the same or similar to any actual persons living or dead, is purely the fault and the intention of The Z. Please find him to address any concerns you may have with this 51-year-old puzzle. Thank you most graciously for your understanding!


UPDATE for January, 21, 2024: Page was updated to include a cropped image of the Z13 cipher, for reference purposes.

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